Recombinant DNA technology, also called molecular cloning,

Recombinant DNA technology, also called molecular cloning,

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Recombinant DNA technology, also called molecular cloning, involves the replication of DNA in a living microorganism. The cloning of any DNA fragment involves seven steps (Boundless, 2016):

Choice of host organism and cloning vector
Preparation of vector DNA
Preparation of DNA to be cloned
Creation of recombinant DNA
Introduction of recombinant DNA into host organism
Selection of organisms containing recombinant DNA
Screening for clones with desired DNA inserts and biological properties

According to the Universal Genetics DNA Testing Laboratory, one of the current technologies used for paternity testing is Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). PCR is used to amplify a single copy of a piece of DNA by in vitro enzymatic replication in order to generate many copies of the DNA sequence. The steps of PCR include (United Genetics, 2009):

Initialization
Denaturation
Annealing
Extension/elongation
Final elongation
Final hold

One other technology utilized for DNA paternity testing is Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP) which actually includes PCR. The steps of RFLP include (Thermo Fisher Scientific, n.d.):

Isolate DNA
Perform PCR
Perform restriction digestion
Prepare sample for analysis
Perform capillary electrophoresis
Analyze data

 – Melissa
References
Boundless. (2016, August 8). Recombinant DNA technology. Retrieved from
https://www.boundless.com/microbiology/textbooks/boundless-microbiology-textbook/microbial-genetics-7/tools-of-genetic-engineering-82/recombinant-dna-technology-447-5735/
Thermo Fisher Scientific. (n.d.). Restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLP) analysis. Retrieved from
https://www.thermofisher.com/us/en/home/life-science/sequencing/fragment-analysis/restriction-fragment-length-polymorphism-rflp-analysis.html
United Genetics. (2009). Polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Retrieved from
http://www.dnatestingforpaternity.com/pcr.html

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