biology test
Fill in the blank.1-The first step in the flow of energy through most of the living world is: ____________2-Light is composed of small particles, or packets, of energy called: _______________3- Is the main pigment of photosynthesis: ____________________________________Multiple choice4-Plants get the energy they need for photosynthesis by absorbing:a. high-energy sugars.b. chlorophyll a.c, chlorophyll b.d. sunlight.5-Where in the chloroplast is chlorophyll found?a. in the ATPb. in the stromac. in the thylakoid membraned. in the thylakoid space6-Photosynthesis uses sunlight to convert water and carbon dioxide intoa. oxygen and carbon.b. high-energy sugars and proteins.c. ATP and oxygen.d. oxygen and sugars7- The organelle that contains chlorophylla. chloroplastb. vacuolec. cell wall8-The green pigment of plants that traps the energy of sunlight for photosynthesis is:a. cell wallb. chlorophyllc. cytoplasm9- The chemical equation for photosynthesisa. 6CO2 + 6O2 —>using sunlight —> C6H12O6 + 6H2Ob.6CO2 + C6H12O6 —>using sunlight —> 6H2O + 6O2c. 6CO2 + 6H2O —>using sunlight —> C6H12O6 + 6O2d. 6O2 + 6H2O —>using sunlight —> C6H12O6 + 6CO210- Holes in plant leaves that allow carbon dioxide to enter and oxygen to leave.a. chloroplastb. stomatac. chlorophylld. roots11-The part of the plant that absorbs water and minerals from the soil.a. chloroplastb. rootsc. chlorophylld. stomata12. The process of the cell cycle in which a cell divides into two daughter cells iscalleda. cytokinesis. b. metaphase. c. interphase. d. mitosis.13-Which event occurs during interphase?a. The cell carries out metabolic growth processes.b. Centrioles appear.c. Spindle fibers begin to form.d. Centromeres divide.14-During which phase of mitosis do the chromosomes line up along the middle ofthe dividing cell?a. prophaseb. telophasec. metaphased. anaphase15-Unlike mitosis, meiosis results in the formation of:a. diploid cells.b. haploid cells.c. 2n daughter cells.d. body cells.16-Which of the following is a phase of mitosis?a. cytokinesisb. interphasec. prophased. S phase17- Meiosis is a type of cell division that will producea. Packets of pollen to be transferred between the abdomen of insectsb. Exact copies of the parent cellc. The male and female sex cellsd. 2 new somatic cells18- How many chromosomes are found in human body cells?a. 26b.35c. 46d. 2319- How many chromosomes are found in human sex cells?a. 46b. 35c. 72d. 2320- The sequence in a chromosome that contains the information to make an RNA or protein product with a specific function isa. DNAb. DNDc. ARNmd. DNAm21. The site a gene occupies in the chromosome is:a. Allelesb. Locusc. gametesd. Homozygous22- The sex of humans and other mammals is determined by the sex chromosomes -X,Y chromosomes X,Y chromosomes. How many ‘X’ chromosomes a normal female mammal has?a. two Xb. three Xc. four Xd. five X23- The sex of humans and other mammals is determined by the sex chromosomes – X, Y chromosomes. How many ‘Y ‘chromosomes a normal male mammal has?a. one Yb. three Yc. four Yd. five YTRUE OR FALSE24-Genetics is the science of heredity_____________25-Phenotype is the physical appearance of an organism ______________26-Genes are units of heredity that affect an organism’s traits ___________27-Homozygous are four identical alleles _______________28- Dosage compensation is a mechanism that allows males and females to produce the same amounts of proteins coded by X-linked genes _____________29-Codominance: the heterozygote simultaneously expresses phenotypes of both homozygotes ____________30-Gregor Mendel in 21th, began the scientific study of inheritance through his breeding of pea plants _______________Multiple choice31-Which type of molecule contains genetic information that is passed from parents to offspring?a. Fat moleculesb. DNA moleculesc. Protein moleculesd. Carbohydrate molecules32-DNA molecules are made up of subunits called nucleotides that are linked together. How many different types of nucleotides are used to make DNA molecules?a.One typeb.Two typesc.Three typesd.Four types33-What are the subunits that make up DNA molecules?a. Amino acidsb. Nucleotidesc. Fatty acidsd. Proteins34. In 1952 Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase worked with bacteriophages . Bacteriophages are:a. Virusb. Bacteriac. Fungid. protozoa35-Who applied the information and began to build scale models of DNA components?a. Watson and Crickb.Rosalind Franklinc. Erwin Chargaffd. Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase36- Who used X-ray diffraction to determine 3-D structure and measurements of the DNA molecule?a. Watson and Crickb. Rosalind Franklinc. Erwin Chargaffd. Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase37- Enzymes able to open the double helix like a zipper, forming a replication fork is known:a. DNA polimeraseb.DNA primasec. DNA ligased. helicase38- A special DNA replication enzyme, can lengthen telomeric DNA by adding repetitive nucleotide sequences to the ends of eukaryotic chromosomes is:a. DNA polymeraseb. helicasec. Telomerased.None of the above39-Okazaki fragments have:a. 100- to 2000-nucleotide fragmentsb. 200- to 3000-nucleotide fragmentsc. 300- to 5000- nucleotide fragmentsd.400-to 6000-nucleotide fragments40. Enzymes proofread and repair errors in DNA when an error in base pairing is found. Which enzyme immediately removes the incorrect nucleotide and inserts the correct one:a. DNA primaseb. DNA ligasec. helicased. DNA polymerase
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